The process of removing an executor is different depending on whether or not they have received a grant of probate and/or taken steps to start the administration. If not, the process can be as simple as discussing the matter informally with the named executor and encouraging them to stand aside. If all beneficiaries (or other executors) agree that a particular executor is unsuitable, they can ask them to formally renounce their role voluntarily. This is done by filling out and submitting a Deed of Renunciation.
If a beneficiary or other interested party has concerns about the executor proceeding with probate, they can enter a caveat at the Probate Registry. This prevents probate from being granted and gives more time for disputes to be resolved. This approach is more often used if there are concerns about the legitimacy, validity or authenticity of the will itself.
A court application is the only way to remove an executor after they have received a grant of probate, after which they are legally responsible for the estate administration process. In these cases, you must usually rely on specific grounds to challenge an executor's authority and present strong evidence. Grounds for an executor's removal include that they have:
- Mismanaged the estate.
- Been unable or unwilling to act.
- Shown a conflict of interest.
- Acted dishonestly or fraudulently.
The court will consider whether removing the executor is in the best interests of the estate and its beneficiaries. You can rely on evidence like witness statements, financial documents relating to the estate or copies of the original will to prove that an executor has not fulfilled their role properly. The court may then issue a court order for the executor's removal.
There are some reasons for removing an executor that don't constitute legitimate legal grounds to do so. For example, if an executor is slow, communicates infrequently or fails to provide as much information as you would like, this may not be enough to have them removed. It's vital to consult an experienced solicitor before pursuing any legal action of this nature, as you may otherwise have to pay legal costs for court proceedings that cannot succeed.